Utamaduni na Utandawazi

Kitabu Kimependekezwa na Africa International University

Nimeona leo kuwa kitabu changu, Africans and Americans: Embracing Cultural Differences, kimependekezwa na Africa International University (AIU) kwa ajili ya wanafunzi wa kigeni. Chuo hiki kiko Karen, nchini Kenya.

Nimevutiwa na maelezo yaliyotolewa kama Information for International Students juu ya hali halisi anayokumbana nayo mtu anapojikuta katika utamaduni wa kigeni:

Moving to a different cultural environment is a very stressful experience – that’s why it is sometimes referred to as “culture shock”. You will likely go through a difficult period of adjustment and homesickness after the initial excitement wears off. This is normal. As you learn your way around the campus and its unique culture, you will be more comfortable at AIU. Soon you will be helping other new international students adjust to AIU and Kenya. If you are willing to learn, you will learn a great deal about yourself and others who are different from you. You will leave here enriched and transformed.

Still, it is wise to take time before coming to prepare yourself and your family for the cultural adjustments that will be necessary. By reading as much as you can about cultural adjustment and talking to other international students, you can learn what to expect. Then you will better understand the feelings and frustrations you deal with as you adjust to your new environment. Since academics will demand a great deal of you at AIU, any preparation you can do before coming will help all of your adjustments once you arrive on campus....Due to cultural differences, you may feel somewhat confused when talking with fellow students. “What do they mean?” Communication in Africa is inferential rather than direct, so you will need to become adept at listening for what is being communicated between the lines.... Students at AIU are coming from all over Africa and the world. They will appreciate the time you invest in learning about the uniqueness of their own cultures—e.g. what communicates respect.

Maelezo na mawaidha haya yanahusiana na yaliyomo katika kitabu changu, Africans and Americans: Embracing Cultural Differences. Ni masuala yasiyokwepeka, hasa katika dunia ya utandawazi wa leo. Yanawahusu sio tu wanafunzi, bali pia wafanya biashara, wanadiplomasia, na kadhalika, kama ninavyoelezea mara kwa mara katika blogu hii.

Going Visual: Kitabu Kuhusu Mawasiliano Kwa Taswira

Leo napenda kukiongelea kitabu kiitwacho Going Visual: Using Images to Enhance Productivity, Decision-Making and Profits, kilichoandikwa na Alexis Gerard na Bob Goldstein. Nilikinunua kitabu hiki miaka michache iliyopita. Kama ilivyo kawaid yangu ninaponunua kitabu, sikiweki katika maktaba yangu bila kukipitia angalau juu juu, ili nijue kinahusu nini.

Hivi ndivyo nilivyofanya niliponunua Going Visual. Niliona ni kitabu kinachoelezea maendeleo katika utumiaji wa taswira katika mawasiliano, kitabu kinachoelezea matokeo ya utafiti na uzoefu na mikakati ya matumizi ya taswira katika biashara na ujasiriamali. Kitabu kinaelezea jinsi tekinolojia ya kuzalisha, kuhifadhi, kuandaa, na kusambaza taswira, kuanzia za digitali hadi video, zinavyowezesha ufanisi katika biashara na ujasiriamali katika ulimwengu wa leo.

Wakati nilipokinunua kitabu hiki, nilikipitia juu juu, nikaelewa haya niliyoelezea. Lakini leo nimekitoa maktabani ili nikisome ipasavyo. Mada yake inanivutia, na ukweli kwamba sina ufahamu wa masuala yaliyomo umenipa shauku ya kufahamu.

Suala la mawasiliano tunalishughulikia katika usomaji na ufundishaji wa fasihi, kwani fasihi hutumia lugha, ambayo ni chombo mahsusi cha mawasiliano. Nadharia za lugha na fasihi zinatueleza mengi kuhusu mawasiliano. Mvuto wa kitabu cha Going Visual kwangu, na duku duku inayonisukuma kukisoma, ni hiyo mikakati na mbinu za kutumia taswira ambazo waandishi wa kitabu wanasema zinawanufaisha wafanya biashara na wajisiriamali wa leo.

Ninajiuliza: hizi mbinu ni zipi? Na hiyo mikakati ni ipi? Kwa hivi, ninaona ni muhimu nikisome kitabu hiki nielimike, ingawa siwezi kujiita mfanyabiashara au mjasiriamali. Elimu haina mwenyewe, haina mipaka, wala haina mwisho.

Leo Nimefundisha Darasa Kwa Kutumia "Skype"

Asubuhi ya leo, nimefundisha darasa kwa kutumia "Skype." Ni darasa la Mwalimu Kristofer Olsen la somo la "Mythologies," katika Chuo Kikuu cha Montana, Marekani. Chuo hiki kiko mjini Bozeman, maili 995 kutoka hapa nilipo, Northfield, Minnesota. Niliandika kuhusu mpango wa kufundisha darasa hili katika blogu hii.

Katika mawasiliano ya barua pepe na Mwalimu Olsen, aliniuliza iwapo ningeweza kuongea na darasa lake la "Mythologies," ambalo lilikuwa linasoma kitabu changu cha Matengo Folktales. Aliniletea silabasi ya somo, inayoonyesha kuwa tarehe 24 na 26 wangejadili Matengo Folktales.

Jana jioni, binti yangu Zawadi alinielekeza tena namna ya kutumia "Skype," na alinisajili. Leo asubuhi, kipindi kilianza kama ilivypoangwa, saa nne na nusu za hapa Minnesota, ambayo ni saa tatu na nusu kule Montana. Nilikuwa mbele ya kompyuta, na wanafunzi na profesa wao walikuwa wananiona na kunisikia, nami nilikuwa nawaona na kuwasikia.

Tulifanya mengi. Niliombwa kusimulia hadithi mojawapo, ambayo ingechukua muda mfupi, nami nikasimulia hadithi ya "Hawk and Crow," iliyomo kitabuni. Niliwaambia wanafunzi kuwa kokote niendako kuongelea hadithi za jadi, huzisimulia papo kwa papo, badala ya kuzisoma. Katika kusimulia hadithi ya "Hawk and Crow," niliwaeleza machache kuhusu namna hadithi inavyosimuliwa, tofauti na inavyoonekana kimaandishi.

Masuali yao yalikuwa ya maana sana. Suali moja lilihusu jinsi nilivyorekodi hadithi na kuandaa kitabu cha Matengo Folktales. Suali jingine lilihusu mchakato wa kutafsiri. Jingine lilihusu vifo na mauaji katika hadithi hizo. Jingine lilihusu mhusika mjanja ("trickster") katika hadithi, kama vile Anansi na Sungura.

Niliwaeleza mambo kadhaa kuhusu mhusika huyu, katika tamaduni mbali mbali. Mhusika huyu hujitokeza kama mnyama (kama vile Anansi au Gizo, Kobe na Sungura), na katika tamaduni zingine hujitokeza katika umbo la binadamu, kama vile Nasreddin Hodja na Abu Nuwas. Niliongelea asili na maana ya mhusika huyu katika jamii, kwa kutumia nadharia za kisaikolojia za Carl Jung.

Niliguswa kwa namna ya pekee nilipoulizwa nifafanue dhana iliyomo katika blogu yangu kwamba ninaliona darasa kuwa ndio mahali pekee penye uhuru kamili wa kufikiri na kujieleza. Kumbe kuna watu wanaosoma blogu yangu kwa makini kiasi hiki.

Mawasiliano kama haya ya kutumia "Skype" ni maendeleo ya tekinolojia, ambayo yanatuwezesha kufanya mambo ambayo hatukuweza kuyafanya kabla. Jambo moja la kujifunza ni kuwa tunaweza kuendesha darasa bila kukutana katika chumba kimoja. Mimi kama mwalimu, ninaweza kuwafundisha wa-Tanzania ingawa niko nje ya Tanzania. Tuachane na mawazo kwamba sherti nirudi Tanzania ili kujenga nchi.

Wakati tekinolojia inasonga mbele na kutufungulia milango mipya, inashangza kuona jinsi wa-Tanzania kwa ujumla wanavyoendelea kuwa na mawazo yaliyopitwa na wakati. Kila ninapowasikia wakidai kuwa wataalam walioko nje warudi nyumbani wakajenge Taifa, nawazia suala hilo. Najiuliza ni lini wataamka usingizini na kutambua kuwa maendeleo ya tekinolojia ya mawasiliano yanazidi kuififisha mipaka ya kijiografia tuliyoizoea. Tunaingia kwenye dunia isiyo na mipaka, dunia ambamo mtu popote alipo anaweza akatoa mchango wake kwa walimwengu popote.