Wosia wa Rabindranath Tagore Kuhusu Uhuru wa Kutoa Maoni

Rabindranath Tagore ni mmoja wa waandishi maarufu kabisa waliowahi kuishi. Alizaliwa mwaka 1861 Calcutta na kufariki 1941. Aliheshimika duniani kote wakati wa uhai wake na bado anaheshimika. Aliandika mashairi, tamthilia, insha, riwaya, hadithi fupi, na pia maelfu ya barua. Niliwahi kufundisha utungo wake maarufu Gitanjali, hapa chuoni St. Olaf.

Tagore alikuwa mwalimu aliyetukuka, kioo cha ubinadamu wa kweli ("humanism"), mwenye fikra pevu na nzito juu ya maisha na maadili. Watu maarufu kama W.B. Yeats, Mahatma Gandhi na Albert Einstein, walimmwenzi sana. Mwaka 1913 alipata tuzo ya Nobel katika fasihi. Nina vitabu vyake vitatu, kimojawapo kikiwa Rabindranath Tagore: An Anthology.

Kutoka katika kitabu hiki nimenukuu sehemu ya ujumbe wa tarehe 25 Septemba, 1930, kwa gazeti la Izvestia la Urusi. Ni ujumbe unaopaswa kutafakariwa na kuzingatiwa, tunaposhuhudia ukandamizaji wa uhuru wa watu kujieleza. Ili kuufikisha ujumbe kwa watu wasiojua ki-Ingereza, nimejaribu kuutafsiri.

     There must be disagreement where minds are allowed to be free. It would not only be an uninteresting but sterile world of mechanical regularity if all our opinions were forcibly made alike. If you have a mission which includes all humanity, you must, for the sake of that living humanity, acknowledge the existence of differences of opinion. Opinions are constantly changed and re-changed only through the free circulation of intellectual forces and moral persuasion. Violence begets violence and blind stupidity. Freedom of mind is needed for the reception of truth; terror hopelessly kills it. The brute cannot subdue the brute. It is only the man who can do it.

Tafsiri

     Lazima pawepo na kutokubaliana mahali ambapo akili zinaruhusiwa kuwa huru. Dunia itakuwa sio tu haipendezi bali tasa yenye kwenda kwa mwendo ule ule kama mashine, iwapo maoni yetu yote yatalazimishwa kufanana. Kama watu mna malengo yanayowahusu wanadamu kwa ujumla wao, sherti, kwa manufaa ya uhai wa jamii hiyo ya wanadamu, kutambua uwepo wa tofauti za maoni. Maoni hubadilishwa bila ukomo pale tu panapokuwa na mzunguko huru wa nguvu za akili na ushawishi wa mwenendo wa kimaadili. Mabavu huzaa mabavu na ujinga mithili ya upofu. Uhuru wa akili unahitajika ili ukweli upokelewe, na vitisho huua kabisa ukweli huo. Hayawani hawezi kumdhibiti hayawani. Ni binadamu tu ndiye anaweza.